JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN TROPIKA

The Effect of Several Types of Betel on the Mortality of Rice Weevils (Sitophilus oryzae L

Putri Chairani Matondang Matondang — 2024-09-26

The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of administering betel leaf powder from several types of betel on S. oryzae mortality and determine the best type of betel leaf to use to control S. oryzae. This research method is a single factor Randomized Block Design (RAK) consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications, so there are 24 experimental units. The treatments tested were K0= control (100 g rice + 10 S.oryzae imago) without the addition of betel leaf powder; S1= Green betel leaf powder; S2= Red betel leaf powder; S3= Black betel leaf powder; S4= Forest betel leaf powder; S5 = Yellow betel leaf powder, each treatment of betel leaf powder consists of (6 g betel leaf powder + 100 g rice + 10 S.oryzae imago). The parameters observed were mortality, percentage of rice damage and efficacy. The results of the study showed that the administration of green, red, black, forest and yellow betel leaf powder had an effect on S.oryzae mortality, the percentage of rice damage and showed high effectiveness (efficacy) values for the use of these insecticides. The lowest percentage of rice damage with black betel leaf powder was 11.04% and the highest S. oryzae mortality was recorded with black betel leaf powder treatment with a value of 92.50% and an efficacy value of 80.50%.

Corn Pests in Storage Warehouses with Different Water Contents

Lilis susiana — 2024-09-30

This research aims to determine pests in feed corn at several moisture levels in storage warehouses developed in Tirta Jaya Village, Bajuin District, Tanah Laut Regency and PT Arutmin Site Satui, Tanah Bumbu Regency. Sampling at two locations was carried out directly at the farmer's corn storage warehouse and PT Arutmin Site Satui, at the Tirta Jaya Village location 4 kg samples were taken and at the PT Arutmin Site Satui location 3 kg samples were taken, then each sample was weighed weighing 300g each with 3 repetitions, and stored for 1 month. The warehouse pest data obtained will be grouped based on water content, varieties and pests obtained in 1 table. Next, the number of warehouse pest populations is calculated, the population average is calculated, the damage intensity is calculated, the data is tabulated and analyzed descriptively. The observation results showed that the Bisi 2 variety had the highest population of warehouse pests and the intensity of damage with a population of 143 Doloessa viridis, Tribolium sp. 58 individuals, 242 larvae and 11 pupae, with the highest average damage intensity reaching 34.6%. Meanwhile, the warehouse pest population and intensity were the lowest in the RK 457 variety with a total population of Tribolium sp. 8 tails with damage intensity reaching 8%.

Control of Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on Celery with Bokashi Kipahit and Trichoderma sp.

Baihaki Baihaki — 2024-09-30

The celery plant (Apium graveolens L.) is a cultivated leaf vegetable that has advanced capabilities and has a high selling value. Celery also has many properties which are commonly used as decoration and flavoring in cooking. One of the obstacles in increasing celery production is nematode attacks. Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) which can affect the number of leaf stalks. The aim of this research was to determine the ability of Bokashi kipahit Plus Trichoderma sp. to reduce attacks by root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on celery plants (Apium graveolens L.). The research was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). What was studied was the impact of giving Bokashi kipahit, Trichoderma sp. and Bokashi kipahit plus Trichoderma sp. The research consisted of four treatments and four replications. The results of the research showed that giving Bokashi kipahit 15.5g/polybag added with Trichoderma sp. 20g/polybag can reduce the NPA population by 48%, and can increase the number of celery stalks by 39%.

Identification of Postharvest Pests of Feed Corn in the PT Warehouse. Arutmin Site Satui

Muhammad Rizal — 2024-09-30

Corn can be used for direct consumption, as a raw material for the food, food and bioenergy industries. As an animal feed ingredient, corn kernels that have been shelled and dried will be used to feed livestock such as chickens and ducks. However, there has been a decline in corn productivity, one of which is due to attacks by Plant Pest Organisms (OPT) in the form of pests both in the field and in storage. This research aims to determine the types of post-harvest pests of feed corn in the PT Arutmin Site Satui. This research uses a purposive sampling method. The identification results showed that there were 2 species of post-harvest pests that attacked the feed corn shells, Tribolium castaneum as many as 167 individuals and Doloessa viridis as many as 1611 individuals.

Application Time of Combination of Trichoberas, Endophytic Bacteria, Jengkol Bark (Pithecellobium jiringa) to Suppress Narrow Brown Spot Disease (Cercospora oryzae) on Red Rice (Oryza nivara L.) in Wetlands

Erina Maulida Putri — 2024-09-30

One of the important diseases that attacks red rice plants is narrow brown spot (Cercospora oryzae). Biological control is an alternative that needs to continue to be explored to become an environmentally friendly control solution. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of application time and administration of Trichoberas, endophytic bacteria, jengkol bark in suppressing narrow brown spot disease in red rice in wetlands. Each of these studies used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method consisting of 6 treatments which were repeated 4 times so that there were 24 experimental plant units. The results of field research showed that Trichoberas + endophytic bacteria + jengkol peel solution applied three times to red rice plants aged 60, 70 and 80 days could reduce the percentage of infected leaves by 90.63% with a control of 95.95% and an intensity of 48 .01% with a control comparison of 51.69%. The application treatment of Trichoberas + endophytic bacteria + jengkol peel solution on red rice plants aged 80 days (T3) and 60, 70 and 80 days (T5) was able to increase the number of grains, namely 317.25 grains and 325 grains compared to the control 281.75 grains. . The application of Trichoberas + endophytic bacteria + jengkol peel solution to red rice plants aged 60 and 70 days (T4) and aged 60, 70 and 80 days (T5) was able to increase the weight of 1000 grains, namely 18.75 grams and 19.5 grams compared to control 13.25 grams. All treatments were unable to increase plant height growth.

Effectiveness of Bokashi, Trichoberas, and PGPR Against Anthracnose Disease in Cayenne Pepper Plants

Faulyna Syafira — 2024-09-30

The use of biological agents is an alternative to control anthracnose disease caused by the pathogen Colletotrichum sp. on chilies. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of Bokashi, Trichoberas, and PGPR and their combination in reducing the incidence of anthracnose disease and the growth of cayenne pepper plants. This research used the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method. One factor tested was the type of biological agent and its combination. Carried out in vivo in polybags, Colletotrichum sp. applied when the chili plants start to bear fruit. Observations were made on disease incidence and growth parameters and production of chili plants. The results of the study showed that the application of Bokashi, Trichoberas, and PGPR and their combination significantly reduced the incidence of anthracnose with the lowest percentage of disease incidence in the combination treatment of Bokashi and Trichoberas at 33.61% with control effectiveness of 54.27%; the combination of Bokashi and PGPR was 38.70% with control effectiveness of 47.34% and the combination of Bokashi, PGPR and Trichoberas was 41.07% with control effectiveness of 44.11% and was included in the quite effective category, but had no effect on the incubation period. The PGPR, Bokashi, and Bokashi+ PGPR treatments were able to increase plant height and accelerate the age of first flowering. The Bokashi+Trichoberas, Bokashi+PGPR+Trichoberas and Bokashi+PGPR treatments were able to increase the fresh weight of the fruit.

Effectiveness of Application Time of Trichocompost and Betel Leaf Solution in Suppressing Fusarium Wilt Disease in Red Rice Plants (Oryza nivara L.)

Mario Yudi Setiawan — 2024-09-30

Red rice (Oryza nivara L.) is a type of rice whose consumption level is increasing every year. However, obstacles in cultivating red rice often occur due to disease attacks, one of which is fusarium wilt. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of varying the application time of trichocompost combined with betel leaf solution in suppressing the incidence of fusarium wilt disease in red rice plants. The research method used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was carried out in the Phytopathology laboratory and greenhouse of the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. The results of the study showed that the treatment given trichocompost and betel leaf solution with application times a week before planting, during planting, and a week after planting was able to reduce the incidence of disease by up to 35.00% with a control effectiveness percentage of 62.16% compared to the control treatment which had the incidence disease amounted to 92.50%. Application of trichocompost and betel leaf solution with varying times on red rice was able to extend the incubation period of the pathogen up to 20.25 days compared to the control, namely 12.53 days. Plants that were given the application of trichocompost and betel leaf solution were also able to increase plant height by up to 102.83 cm with a total of 8.78 tillers compared to the control without treatment which had a plant height of 76.30 cm with a total of 4.30 tillers.

Potential Secondary Metabolites of Trichoderma SPP. in Inhibiting the Development of Colletotrichum SPP. In Vitro

Fatimah Fatimah — 2024-09-30

Chili is one of the cultivated plants, one of the main problems that often occurs due to anthracnose attacks caused by the fungus Colletotrichum spp. One biological control that can be used is Trichoderma spp., Trichoderma spp. can produce secondary metabolites containing antibiotic compounds, enzymes, toxins and hormones. The aim of this research was to determine the potential of secondary metabolites of Trichoderma spp. which comes from the rhizosphere of bamboo, chili and elephant grass plants which have the potential to inhibit the development of the fungus Colletotrichum spp. anthracnose disease in vitro. The research method used a completely randomized design with a single factor. Consisting of three (3) treatments and one (1) control, repeated five (5) times, totaling twenty (20) experiments. This research was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. The research results show different inhibitory forces. Secondary metabolites from the roots of chili plants showed a higher inhibitory power, namely 45.65% compared to 16.82% from the roots of bamboo plants and 16.71% from the roots of elephant grass plants. However, secondary metabolites from the roots of bamboo plants and elephant grass plants have the same abilities. A 20% concentration can inhibit the growth of Colletotrichum spp. on day 3, while further observation of the ability of secondary metabolites of Trichoderma spp. suppress the development of Colletotrichum spp. decreasing.

Biointensive Control Of Begomovirus Infection In Large Red Chili Plants (Capsicum Annuum L) Based On Barrier Plants In Southeast Sulawesi

Catur Joko Widodo — 2024-09-30

Biointensive Control of Begomovirus in Big Red Chili Plants (Capsicum annuum L) Based on Barrier Plants in Southeast Sulawesi. Begomovirus is a disease-causing agent from the plant virus group. This disease is one of the inhibiting factors for chili cultivation in various countries and regions in Indonesia. If chili plants are infected when they are still young, it can cause yield loss and crop failure. The spread of Begomovirus in the field is determined by whitefly insects. Controlling the population of vector insects is important to reduce infected plants. Barriers around chili plants can be used as vector barriers in the field. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the control of Begomovirus on large red chili peppers using the Biointensive barrier plant model. The method used was Randomized Block Design (RAK), analysis of variance and further BNT test with a confidence level of 95%. Observation variables included: symptoms, incidence and severity of Begomovirus disease, whitefly population and growth and production of chili. The results showed that the biotic barrier planting pattern of kenikir flowers affected the decrease in the whitefly insect population, incidence and severity (PepYLCIV) and increased red chili production. The lowest whitefly population was 0.45 individuals/plant compared to the control of 1.08 individuals/plant, the lowest incidence and severity (PepYLCIV) were 45% and 1.33% with the highest chili production (1.14 kg-^plot) compared to the control (0.31 kg-^plot).

Article Review: Use of Botanical Insecticides to Control Brown Planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.)

Harlina Kusuma Tuti — 2024-09-30

Botanical pesticides are pesticides derived from natural plant products that contain bioactive compounds such as secondary compounds. This compound can function as an inhibitor of development, reduces fertility, inhibits appetite (anti-feedant), repellent, attractant, has a direct effect as a poison and prevent and reduce put down the egg. Botanical insecticides are insecticides produced from plant extracts, which are obtained from various parts of plants such as flowers, fruit, seeds, leaves, stems and roots, which contain secondary metabolite compounds. Secondary metabolite compounds produced by plants include essential oils, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, steroids and saponins. Several lying plants that produce secondary metabolite compounds are good alternatives as a source of raw materials for vegetable insecticides because they are easy to obtain and do not require fertile soil to grow, including: Tinospora crispa (L.) Miers., Azadirachta indica (A.) Juss., Swietenia mahagoni and Annona squamosa.