JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN TROPIKA

Potential of Two Types of Vegetable Pesticides with Aloe vera Adhesive to Suppress Damage to Mustard Leaf Pests (Brassica juncea L.)

2025-06-02T09:04:29+08:00

This research aims to determine the potential of the botanical pesticide papaya leaves and neem leaves treated with aloe vera leaf adhesive and without aloe vera leaf adhesive in controlling leaf pests on mustard greens in the Unlam Faculty of Agriculture Experimental Garden. The design used in this research was a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. Each experimental unit consisted of 4 polybags with 2 mustard plants planted in each polybag. Overall in this study there were 160 mustard plants, treatments consisted of K = Control (water), P₁ = Papaya leaf solution + aloe vera leaves, P₂ = Neem leaf solution + aloe vera leaves, P₃ = Papaya leaf solution without aloe vera leaves, P₄ = Neem leaf solution. The results of this study showed that all Botanical pesticide treatments sprayed on mustard greens showed no difference, namely P₁ = (42.33%), P₂ = (38.82%), P₃ = (37.53%), P₄ = (36.92%). However, it is significantly different from the control, 47.69%. The lowest leaf pest attack was seen in the neem leaf (P₄) 34.92%.

The Effect of Tarap (Artocarpus odoratissimus) Leaf Extract in Inhibiting the Development of the Fungus Colletotrichum spp. Causes of Anthracnose Disease in Chili Plants

2025-06-02T09:04:31+08:00

Chili is one of the agricultural commodities that is widely cultivated because it has many benefits for both the economy and health. However, the main obstacle that often occurs in chili plants is the presence of Plant Pest Organisms (OPT). One of them is the attack of anthracnose disease caused by fungi Colletotrichum spp. One of the natural controls that can be used is the use of plant pesticides from tarap leaves (Artocarpus odoratissimus). Tarap leaves produce a number of secondary metabolites including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and tannins. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of tarap leaf extract (A. the most fragrant) in inhibiting the growth of fungi Colletotrichum spp. causes anthracnose disease in chili plants. This research was conducted from June to December 2023 at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. The research method used a single factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments with 4 replications. Treatment T₀ (Control 0%), T₁(1% tarap leaf extract), T₂(3% tarap leaf extract), T₃(5% tarap leaf extract) and T₄(7% tarap leaf extract). The results of the study showed that giving tarap leaf extract with a concentration of T₁(1% tarap leaf extract), T₂(3% tarap leaf extract), T₃(5% tarap leaf extract) and T₄(7% tarap leaf extract) provides colony inhibitionColletotrichumspp. highest inhibition (92.76%) at a concentration of 7% (T₄) and the lowest inhibition (15.32%) at a concentration of 1% (T₁).

The Effect of Giving PGPR From Several Types of Bamboo Roots to Suppress Bacterial Wilt Disease in Big Chili

2025-06-02T09:04:32+08:00

This research aims to identify the source of PGPR from four types of bamboo roots that are effective in suppressing the incidence of R. solanacearum bacterial wilt disease in large red chili plants. The method used in this research was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) involving 4 treatments and 1 control. The treatments are P0 = Control (Without PGPR application); P1 = PGPR from Banar/Rabungan Bamboo Roots; P2 = PGPR from Tali Bamboo Roots; P3 = PGPR from Tamiang Bamboo Roots; and P4 = PGPR from Haur Bamboo Roots. Each treatment was repeated 4 times, 20 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 10 plants, so the total plants used were 200 and all of them were used as samples. To measure the effect of administering PGPR from various types of bamboo roots on the variables Disease Incidence, Number of Fruit, and Fruit Weight, disease incidence was observed every 7 days after the initial symptoms appeared, and observations of the number and weight of fruit were carried out 7 harvests at intervals of 5 days. Observation results showed that treatment with Tamiang Bamboo Root (Schizoseyum blumei) (P3) was superior to other treatments.

PGPR Application Time, Streptomyces sp. and Bokashi Kayapu to control leaf spot disease (Cercospora oryzae) in red rice (Oryza nivara L.) in Wetlands

2025-06-02T09:04:32+08:00

The main pathogen that causes red rice disease is Cercospora oryzae which causes leaf spots. This research aims to determine the role of Streptomyces sp., Bokashi kayapu and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in reducing the severity of bacterial infections of red rice in wetlands. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with six treatments and four replications: control, PGPR and Streptomyces sp. and Bokashi kayapu at the age of 60 days, 70 days, 80 days, 60 days and 70 days. Each treatment was able to reduce the incidence of leaf spots caused by the Cercospora oryzae fungus by at least 69.87% compared to 81.68% in the control group. Each treatment also reduced disease severity by 25.1% compared to 32.40% in the control group. Apart from that, plant height increased by 145.5 cm compared to 136.75 cm in control. The number of grains/panicles could increase by 316 grains compared to 267 grains in control. And can increase the weight of 100 grains weighing 1.60 g while the control is 1.45 g.

Test of various isolates of Trichoderma sp. Against Fusarium Wilt Disease On Large Chili Plants

2025-06-02T09:04:33+08:00

Large chilies are a type of vegetable that is widely used in Indonesia due to the large demand for chili consumption by the public. However, there is also a decrease in production yields due to attacks by plant pests (OPT) in the form of diseases such as fusarium wilt caused by the fungus Fusarium sp. One safe and environmentally friendly alternative control that can be given to plants is Trichoderma sp. because the content of trichoderma is considered capable of having a positive impact on plants. This study aims to determine the isolates of Trichoderma sp. Different types are used, which isolate is more effective and is able to suppress fusarium wilt in large chili plants. The research method was a completely randomized design with one factor consisting of 5 treatments with 4 replications, a total of 20 experimental units. The research was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, ULM and the Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, ULM. The result of this research is the application of Trichoderma sp. gives results that have a real effect on plant height and are able to reduce the percentage of cases of fusarium wilt disease in chili plants. The best treatment is for Trichoderma sp. isolate from Isolate from Hiyung Village, Tapin with the lowest percentage of disease incidence of 25% and stimulated plant height growth with a height of 28.09 cm.

Utilization of Supan-Supan Weed (Neptunia oleracea L.) as Organic Fertilizer Plus Biological Agents to Control Nematodes Meloidogyne spp. In Celery Plants (Apium graveolens L.)

2025-06-02T09:04:34+08:00

Celery is a vegetable that plays an important role in meeting the nutritional needs of Indonesian people. However, celery production faces several challenges, including root knot disease caused by the nematode Meloidogyne spp. This causes a significant decrease in productivity. The biological control used is environmentally friendly biological control using Bokashi fertilizer using Supan-supan weed (Neptunia oleracea L.), EM4, PGPR and a mixture of EM4 as a decomposer with the addition of Trichoderma sp. The aim of this research is to determine the potential of supan-supan weed as an organic fertilizer together with the biological agent Trichoderma sp. in controlling root nematodes Meloidogyne spp. on celery plants. The research was carried out from January to July 2024 in Sungai Besar Village and the Phytopathology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) using the test agents EM4, PGPR, Ecoenzyme and Trichoderma sp. which consisted of (7) treatments with (4) replications and each experimental unit consisted of (3) plants so that the total plants were 84 plants. The results showed that giving EM4, PGPR and eco-enzyme could decompose bokashi supan-supan fertilizer and giving bokashi supan-supan + EM4 + Trichoderma sp. is the best treatment for the number and severity of root knot nematodes.

Effectiveness of Three Insecticide Active Ingredients in Control Spodoptera frugiperda pest on sweet corn (Zea mays L.)

2025-06-02T09:04:35+08:00

Corn in Indonesia is the second most important food crop after rice. There are many types or varieties of corn such as sweet corn and feed corn which are commonly used as food, feed, fuel, and industrial raw materials. The increasing productivity of corn as a food commodity is hampered by various factors, one of which is the presence of armyworm pests (Spodoptera frugiperda) which attacks the growing points of corn plants. ArmywormS. frugiperdais an invasive insect that has become a major pest of corn crops (Zea mays) in Indonesia. Severe crop losses caused by the damage caused by the attackS. frigiperdareaching 40%. Therefore, prevention is needed to control the armyworm pest, one of which is by using chemical insecticides that are relatively fast, time efficient and easy and produce satisfactory results. This study aims to observe symptoms of attack, calculate the intensity of damage, incidence of attack and percentage of damage to corn cobs. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of insecticide useEmamectin benzoate, lambda cyhalothrinAnd On Fipronwith different doses. This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), namely water treatment (control) and 6 synthetic insecticide treatments, namelyEmamectin benzoate (KL_1.1) 0.7 ml/L,(KL_1.2) 1.2 ml/l,lambda cyhalothrin(KS_2.1) 1 ml/L, (KS_2.2)1.2 ml/l And On Fipron (KF_3.1) 0,25 ml/L, (KF_3.2) 1.2 ml/l. The results of this study indicate that insecticides with Kl treatment_1.10.7ml/l can reduce the incidence of attacks by (19.17%), attack intensity by (0.7%) and cob damage (14.29%).

The Effect of Botanical Pesticides of Ketepeng Leaves (Cassia alata linn.) on the Mortality of Brown Stem Planthopper Pests (Nilapavarta lugens stal.) on Paddy

2025-06-02T09:04:36+08:00

One of the causes of decreased production of rice plants is the attack of pests caused by the brown planthopper (Nilapavarta lugens Stal.). This study aims to determine the effect of the botanical pesticide Chinese ketepeng leaves (Cassia alata L.) on the mortality of brown planthopper pests (N. lugens Stal.) on rice plants. The method used in this research was the RAL (Completely Randomized Design) method with one factor, namely the concentration of botanical pesticides, consisting of 6 treatments with 4 replications, and having 24 experimental units in the form of a water solution as a negative control, a synthetic pesticide solution as a positive control and concentrations of Chinese ketepeng leaf solution of 10, 30, 50 and 70%. The data analysis technique uses the Least Significant Difference Test (BNT/LSD) at a significance level of 5%. The results show that the botanical pesticide solution derived from the leaves of Chinese ketepeng (C. alata L.) can cause death (mortality) in the brown planthopper (N. lugens Stal.). During 336 hours or 14 days of observation, the death rate of brown planthoppers due to the vegetable pesticide Chinese ketepeng leaves at concentrations of 10, 30, 50 and 70% was 31.67, 46.67, 51.67 and 68.33% respectively. LC50 (Lethal Concentration 50%) with a mortality value of 68.574% in the dose range of 50 to 70% and the results of the LT50 (Lethal time) probit showed that the T4 treatment showed the fastest LT50, namely 192.512 hours in killing 50% of the brown planthopper nymphs.

The Effect of Differences in Paranet Height on Pest Attacks In Large Chilies (Capsicum annuum L)

2025-06-02T09:04:36+08:00

Large chilies are one of the vegetable commodities that are still widely consumed and in demand, so demand in Indonesia continues to increase along with population growth. However, large chili plants are susceptible to pest and disease attacks which result in decreased production. One of the main problems in cultivating large chilies is pest attacks. Some pests that often attack chili plants include thrips (Thrips parvispinus), whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn), aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover), fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) and other pests that can inhibit plant growth. Some pest control methods that can be applied include the use of yellow traps, the use of natural enemies, environmental sanitation and various other methods. This research uses paranets as a tool that is expected to reduce pest attacks that can harm chili crop yields. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five paranet height treatments, namely without paranet, 50 cm, 75 cm, 100 cm and 125 cm. Each treatment consisted of four replications with four plants per experimental unit so that there were a total of 80 plants. Observations were made by recording the type and number of pests and observing damage to large chili fruit. The research results show that the use of paranets can reduce the number of pests that attack large chili plants and reduce the percentage of fruit damage due to pest attacks.

Innovative Technologies for Soil and Water Management to Enhance Land Productivity

2025-06-02T09:04:37+08:00

Technological innovation in soil and water management plays a crucial role in sustainably increasing agricultural land productivity. This article aims to review the latest technological innovations applied in soil and water management, such as soil testing, balanced fertilization, amelioration, precision agriculture, as well as Internet of Things (IoT)-based irrigation systems and digital water management. The method used is a literature review of various freely accessible national and international journals. The review shows that the implementation of these technological innovations can improve the efficiency of agricultural input use, optimize crop yields, and reduce negative environmental impacts. The integration of digital technology also accelerates data-driven decision-making, supporting agriculture that is adaptive to climate change. Therefore, technological innovation in soil and water management is essential to support future food security and land productivity.