JURNAL PROTEKSI TANAMAN TROPIKA

PGPR application, Trichoderma sp. and Bokashi Kiambang (Pistia stratiotes L.) to control Fusarium wilt disease in red rice (Oryza nivara L.) In Wetlands

2025-02-04T23:09:48+08:00

Red rice is starting to be widely cultivated because of its health benefits, but its cultivation often experiences problems, one of which is fusarium wilt disease. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria), Trichoderma sp. and Bokashi Kiambang on the incidence of fusarium wilt disease in red rice. Method using completely randomized design. The research was conducted in the wetlands of Cempaka sub-district, Banjarbaru. This observation was carried out four times, namely before treatment, ten days after the first treatment and every 10 days. The results of observations of the incidence of fusarium wilt disease were yellowish green leaves appeared, quickly dried and the plants died. The results of disease incidence in the PGPR application treatment, Trichoderma sp and bokashi kiambang had no effect. PGPR, Trichoderma sp and bokashi kiambang had no effect because the rice plants entered the generative phase. Use of a combination of PGPR, Trichoderma sp. and bokashi kiambang can increase the number of grains/panicles in 60 days of treatment. 70 days and 80 days was 223.00 grains/panicle, while in the control it was only 147.00 grains/panicle. The results of using a combination of PGPR, Trichoderma sp. and bokashi kiambang can increase the weight of 100 grains weighing 2.18 g compared to the control of only 1.15 g.

The incidence of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum sp. On Cayenne Pepper Plants (Capsicum frutescens L.) in Landasan Ulin District, Banjarbaru

2025-02-04T23:09:49+08:00

This study aims to examine the incidence of anthracnose disease in chili fruit attacked by the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum sp. which attacks cayenne pepper plants on agricultural land in Banjarbaru. This research method uses a stratified purposive sampling method. The stratified purposive sampling method is a technique for collecting disease sample data randomly and paying attention to a level or stratification of the population elements to be determined and observed. This research uses a survey research method by taking cases of disease occurrence in cayenne pepper plantations which were attacked by anthracnose pathogens in cayenne pepper farming fields in Landasan Ulin District. The location or location of the observation site was determined by purposive sampling or taking the location deliberately, namely by considering the chili fruit that was harvested infected with anthracnose. On each cayenne pepper planting area, the average total incidence of anthracnose disease on fruit and cayenne pepper plants for 5 consecutive weeks in Guntung Manggis Village had a total percentage of anthracnose disease incidence of 11.15%, while in North Loktabat Village on land cayenne pepper plants with a total disease incidence percentage of 15.59% and in Landasan Ulin Utara Subdistrict Sukamara street with a total incidence percentage on cayenne pepper plantations 4.20% of total disease incidence data.

Making Semi-Automatic Mouse Traps With Motion Sensors

2025-02-04T23:09:51+08:00

An effort to minimize the negative impact of using chemicals to eradicate rats, it is necessary to look for other control alternatives using traps. Many conventional mouse traps that are less effective in their use can backfire on themselves. Addressing this problem, the author tried to design a semi-automatic mouse trap combined with sensory (motion). The aim of this research is to make semi-automatic mouse traps and various designs to find out which ones are more effective for trapping mice. The method used in this research is trap control carried out in rice fields. The installation of traps was tested for sensory effectiveness. The results of this research show that the motion sensor installed in the trap detected movement visible in the Android application and was successful in trapping mice.

Effectiveness of the Entry Hole Length of the Field Rat (Rattus argentiventer) Trap

2025-02-04T23:09:51+08:00

Damage to rice plants due to rice rats (R. argentiventer) starts from the seedbed, controlling rats using traps is a control method that is relatively safer than using chemicals. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the length of the mouse trap entrance pipe in trapping field mice. This research used a descriptive method to determine the effect of the effectiveness of the length of the trap entrance hole in trapping field mice, consisting of 5 treatments. The results of this research show that mouse traps with an entrance hole length of 15 cm are more effective in trapping field mice compared to traps with entry holes of 20 cm and 25 cm, because traps with an entry hole length of 15 cm are able to trap 3 field mice. Meanwhile, in the control trap, 1 fish was obtained.

Effectiveness of Gelinggang Leaf Solution (Cassia alata L.) in Inhibiting the Incident of Anthracnose (Colletotrichum sp.) in Cayenne Pepper Plants

2025-02-04T23:09:52+08:00

This research uses vegetable pesticides from gelinggang leaf solution which aims to determine the effectiveness of gelinggang leaf solution in inhibiting the incidence of the fungus Colletotrichum sp. on cayenne pepper plants. The research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor consisting of 6 treatments with 4 replications, each treatment unit consisting of 2 plants so that the total number of plants tested was 48 experimental units. The treatments used were without treatment (T0), chemical treatment (TM) 5% gelinggang leaf solution (T1), 10% gelinggang leaf solution (T2), 15% gelinggang leaf solution (T3) and 20% gelinggang leaf solution (T4) . The research results showed that the gelinggang leaf solution was effective in inhibiting the incidence of anthracnose. With the lowest percentage of disease incidence at 31.3%, treatment was T4, followed by treatment T3 at 32.5%, T2 at 36.3%, different from no treatment (control), which was 47.5.

The Ability of Pseudomonas Fluorescens Group in Increasing the Resistance of Tomato Plants to Yellow Curl Virus Infection

2025-02-04T23:09:52+08:00

This research uses Pseudomonas fluorescens which is thought to be able to inhibit disease populations and induce plant resistance. This research aims to determine the ability of the Pseudomonas fluorescens group to control yellow curl virus infection in tomato plants. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor consisting of five, namely 3 treatments, 1 control + treatment & 1 control, the treatments were repeated 4 times for a total of 20 plants. Each experimental unit contained 2 tomato plants for a total of 40 plants. The results of the research showed that Pseudomonas isolates from the flourescens group from bamboo, ferns and chilies were able to induce resistance in tomato plants to infection by the tomato yellow curl virus and only isolates from the Pseudomonas group from the flourescens group from ferns were able to stimulate the growth of tomato plants.

Effectiveness of Using Fermented Cocoa Fruit (Theobroma cacao l.) as a Bioherbicide On the Patikan Kebo Weed (Euphorbia hirta)

2025-02-04T23:09:53+08:00

One environmentally friendly alternative for weed control is to utilize cocoa plant waste (Theobroma cacao L). Can be used as a biological herbicide. The aim of this research is the effectiveness of the long fermentation time of bioherbicides from cocoa shells and beans in controlling weeds. This research used a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK), consisting of 4 treatments (K (Control), M1 (7 days), M2 (14 days), M3 (21 days) and M4 (28 days)) with as many repetitions as possible. 3 times. The results of this research show that weed growth can be suppressed with cocoa bioherbicide from observation week 1 to week 3, with the highest poisoning score being 4 (Very severe poisoning; young leaves have an abnormal shape and color until they dry out and fall off until the plant dies). Symptoms of poison caused by biorherbicides include changes in leaf color from green to pale and eventually death.

Effectiveness of Combination of Streptomyces sp Bacteria with Bioesticides of Betel Leaves and Kelakai Leaves Against Anthracnose Disease in Hiyung Chilies

2025-02-14T13:47:55+08:00

Chili is a commodity that experiences price fluctuations due to high demand. In 2021, cayenne pepper production in Indonesia will decrease by 8.09% compared to 2020. Anthracnose disease, caused by the fungus Colletotrichum sp., can reduce productivity by 5-30%, even causing crop failure. Biological control using Streptomyces sp. and plant-based pesticides such as betel leaves and kelakai leaves are environmentally friendly alternatives. This study evaluated the effectiveness of this combination against anthracnose in hiyung chilies. The results of the study showed that the application of the bacteria Streptomyches sp., the vegetable pesticide Kelakai Leaf, the vegetable pesticide Betel Leaf and their combination were able to reduce the incidence of anthracnose disease with disease incidence ranging from 15.05% -21.33% compared to controls whose disease incidence was 33.24%. The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of disease control showed that there were 4 treatments that were quite effective, Betel 54.72%, Streptomyces sp. 46.48%, combination of Betel and Streptomyces sp. 43.65%, and a combination of kelakai and Streptomyces sp 40.94%. The observation results also showed that the Betel biopesticide treatment was the best treatment in producing the highest crop of 30.56 cm and increasing the wet weight with a yield of 83.38 g, followed by the Kelakai treatment which also produced the highest yield of 82.03 g. Apart from that, all the treatments given were able to accelerate the flowering age of chilies by 56.08-57.52 days compared to the control of 58.28 days.

Level of Damage to Celery Plants Due to Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Landasan Ulin Utara Banjarbaru City

2025-02-04T23:09:56+08:00

The celery plant (Apium graveolens L.), is a vegetable with economic value that is typically used to flavor food, add spices to dishes, and decorate dishes. In cultivating celery plants, there is one obstacle in its cultivation, namely interference from Root Knot Nematodes (RKN). Root Knot Nematode (RKN) is a disease that causes damage to celery plants. This research aims to determine the level of damage to celery plants caused by root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Sukamaju Ujung Landasan Ulin Utara Village. Sampling of celery plants infected with root knot nematodes was carried out using a purposive sampling method in a farmer's field in Sukamaju Ujung Landasan Ulin Utara Village. The results of the study showed that the level of damage to celery plants caused by root knot nematodes was high, this was indicated by the intensity of damage (72,8%) and severity of disease (58.3%) and the number of populations in the root network is (138.6) nematodes and the population in soil extraction was (217.3) nematodes.

Identification of Postharvest Fungi in Animal Feed Corn which are sold by retailers in Banjarbaru City

2025-02-04T23:09:57+08:00

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the main food sources for the world's population, besides being used as animal feed. However, the problem is that the feed corn field is easily contaminated by post-harvest fungi. The aim of this research is to identify fungi that infect post-harvest feed corn circulating in Banjarbaru City. The research method used purposive sampling which was carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. The results of the research showed that there were post-harvest fungi in animal feed corn, Aspergillus flavus with 15 isolates, Aspergillus niger with 10 isolates, Penicillium sp. 2 isolates, Fusarium sp. 6 isolates, and Rhizoctonia sp. 1 isolate, resulting in 34 isolates from corn that were symptomatic and asymptomatic. Three types of fungi are contaminant fungi and produce mycotoxins, Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and Penicillium sp.